Concept-Rich Instruction is based on the prevalent constructivist view that concepts are not simply facts to be memorized and later recalled, but knowledge that is featured in cognitive structures. Concept-Rich Instruction emphasizes the critical role of mediation in conceptual development and underscores the importance of the verbal and reflective features of classroom interaction.

In Concept-Rich Instruction, teachers must first identify the core concepts of the mathematics curriculum and plan an instructional sequence that builds upon concepts students already understand and gradually engages students in further learning. Teachers design learning experiences that provoke thoughtful discussions that lead to new mathematical concepts and prepare students to apply these concepts on their own.